-6- Closing commentary
When summarizing the facts given in this coursework I come to the conclusion, that George W. Bush, president of the United States of America, used the horrible attacks on the World Trade Center to not only justify the upcoming attacks on Afghanistan and Iraq, but also to establish new laws that reduce the citizens freedom. (Patriot Act / Homeland security)

His administration created and distributed false facts, blatant lies and fairy tales, to persuade the people of America of their opinion. Several incidents have shown, that Bush bent reality far too much: All the lies about 9/11, the war in Afghanistan which was started without any real evidence and the war in Iraq, where everyday 1,98 US soldiers are killed.(based on the casualties until today, 30th march, 2004. Watch the Flash animations for further information). The whole story about the Weapons of Mass destruction was a lie. He, Bush, even jokes about the non-existing WMD. “Those weapons of mass destruction have got to be somewhere … nope, no weapons over there … maybe under here?” Bush joked at the occasion of a dinner.” 41
I personally do not find this too funny. There were no WMD. That’s what Blix’ s detailed report said. Other sources verified this.42 I am really wondering if Mr. Bush thinks that killing people without any reason (that’s what the US did in the Iraq war in 2003), is funny to joke about. The whole idea sickens me.
Slowly, but maybe just in time for the US election 2004, criticism towards the Bush administration increases. Reports that had been withheld are now made public. Former White House employees and other government officials release secret information that were not accessible up to now, and that really puts pressure on Bush. It looks like that Bush tried to use the events of 9/11 to justify wars against other nations, but he did not say “We are declaring war on Iraq”, but “I declare war on terrorism”. This phrase marks history, as for the first time a war is not fought against a single country, but against a great number of countries that allegedly grant a safe haven for them. This vague term allows Bush to target any country he wants. Who will be next? So far, we have learnt, that no reason is a reason, which means, that the country accused of dealing with terrorists (Afghanistan e.g.) can be attacked on base of facts created by the Bush administration’s PR machine.

-7- Eigenständigkeitserklärung

Ich erkläre, dass ich die Facharbeit ohne fremde Hilfe angefertigt und nur die im Literaturverzeichnis angeführten Quellen und Hilfsmittel benutzt habe.

Ich bin der Autor dieser Facharbeit und beanspruche ein komplettes Copyright auf diese.
I am the author of this coursework. The author copyrights this coursework.

Read on | Closing commentary

- 3 - Mr. Bush

To fully understand the political context it is important to gain further knowledge about the man who is behind all this: Mr. Bush.

3.1 Who is this man?

George Walker Bush is the 43rd President of the United States. He was born on July 6, 1946 in New Haven, Connecticut. His father was the 41st President of the US, George Herbert Walker Bush. In 1959, George (from now on I am referring to the current president of the USA) was enrolled in the Kinkaid School near Houston, Texas, a private academy in one of the nation’s wealthiest suburbs. He did not stay there for very long, because 1961 his parents decided to enrol him at the Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, the school his father went to.
“He was an average student who never made honour roll”, so says the school’s yearbook and a dean at Andover doubted that George would be good enough to be accepted at Yale University.0 Of course George wouldn’t break this tradition and went there, too. He received a bachelor’s degree from Yale University in 1968 and then served the military as a as an F-102 fighter pilot in the Texas Air National Guard.
“Bush had taken the Air Force Officers Qualification Test at Westover Air Force Base in Massachusetts, scoring only 25 percent on the “pilot aptitude” section (the lowest acceptable grade) and 50 percent for navigator aptitude. But he scored 95 percent on test questions designed to determine “officer quality.” There were a few Guard openings, and a waiting list of other applicants. Bush was given the last slot and was sworn in as an airman the same day he applied. “He was,” according to Los Angeles Times reporter Richard A. Serrano, “able to jump into the officer ranks without the exceptional credentials many other officer candidates possessed.” Indeed, while “Bush quickly won a place among the Guard’s elite fighter pilots, other young men who earned their wings first had to build up extensive military experience and aviation skills.”"
- Coincidently, his father was an influential congressional representative at the time.
During this time (America was fighting in the Vietnam War), applying for the National Guard was seen as a denial of military service, because the NG operates inside the US only.
In 1975, Bush received a Master of Business Administration (MBA) from Harvard Business School. He then returned to Texas and began his career in the oil business as a free-lance agent; he started working on behalf of different oil companies. Bush established his first oil company named “Arbusto” in 1977 (”Arbusto” is Spanish for “bush”) which soon after ended in ruin.
He graduated and then moved back to Texas to begin a career in the energy business. Usually you expect a career to be something special and good. In his case, it was only the first. His career in the oil business was shocking in a special way:
Molly Ivans, a journalist, describes his development like this:
“When you want to look at George W. [Bushs] development in the oil business, you have to visualize the following: He never created or even found a single source of income, if you don’t count at all the dollars that seeped into the texican underground.”
Until 1986, he earned his money from acting as a CEO6 of several companies. One of these companies was “Spectrum 7″.
“In 1986, Spectrum 7 merged with Dallas-based Harken Oil & Gas, which specialized in the purchase of small, insolvent companies. Its largest stockholder at the time (46.8 percent) was Hungarian-born billionaire George Soros, the international financier and currency speculator […]. Paul Rea, Spectrum 7’s president, told the Washington Post: “One of the reasons Harken was so interested in merging was because of George [Bush]. They believed having George’s name there would be a big help to them. They wanted him on their board.”"
He learnt that his name would open him doors, he never had thought of.
After his more or less “unsuccessful” career so far, he started supporting his dad’s presidential campaign, which turned out to be successful. And on the business side,
in 1989, a group formed by Bush Junior bought the Texas Rangers, a Major League Baseball team. He personally invested not more then $606,000. But when the team was sold some years thereafter, his shares were worth over $14.9 million – a tremendous gain made possible by using his fathers’ connections in the background. This is how Mr. Bush finally earned enough money to finance his election.
After 8 years experience in politics (governor of Texas) he was put up as republican presidential candidate, in the coming November he won the election by 271 to 267 electoral votes. He lost the official tally with 50,158,094 to 49,820,518 votes for Al Gore.7
In 2001, he officially started his presidency and took over Bill Clinton (a democrat) who beat his father in the 1992’s presidential election.

3.2 His business connections

Some of Bush’s connections to the Arabian states are known and transparent, but others are very well hidden and can only be discovered when looking at his personal background relations. The overall picture shows a striking evidence of close contacts to the bin Laden clan.
A series of coincidences starts in 1968 when George Bush meets and befriends with James Bath, a former Air force pilot and budding entrepreneur. This Mr. Bath functioned as a contact man between the Bush family and the Saudi Arabian Royals, and later on the Laden Clan. With the help of James Bath, these ties became closer and closer over the years. Salem bin Laden for example, Osama’s older brother, had a trust agreement with Bath whereby James would act as his representative for North America. From that point on money was invested in Bush’s business ventures. The business relations grew: In the early 90’s bin Mahfouz, the bin Laden clan’s and Saudi’ banker bought 20% of the BCCI.8

Globalresearch9 wrote:
“Could it, then, perhaps have been nothing more than a coincidence that a brother-in-law of Osama bin Laden, Khalid bin Mahfouz, was reported in the early 90’s to own a 20% stake in BCCI10 - and that bin Mahfouz, as reported by the Houston Chronicle on June 4, 1992, had intimate business dealings with James Bath, the personal representative of bin Laden brother Salim who had invested $50,000 in George W. Bush’s company, Arbusto? Bin Mahfouz, incidentally, had taken over Salim bin Laden’s interest in the Houston Gulf Airport after Salim met his demise in an airplane crash over Houston in 1988″11
Later, the Saudi Royal sheikh Abdellah Taha Bakhsh bought 17,6 % of Harken12 (Oil and energy related company from Houston, Texas where Bush worked) and therefore became the main shareholder. In their research “Outlaw Bank” Jonathan Beaty and S.C. Gwyne report ,that there were numerous other investments by Saudi Royals in Texas. Most of them were handled by the chambers of Baker&Botts, a company owned by James Baker, the man that did business with the bin Laden and Bush Clan. Based on this fact you can say, that there had been relations between the Bush’s and the Laden’s for a long time. Bush, when asked to comment on this said that those connections were no longer active. This is obviously not correct as the Carlyle Group (mentioned later on) still does business with them.
Another surprising fact was discovered by The Guerrilla News Network13, Their authors reportthat Bush Senior authorized several programs to upgrade Iraq’s military in order to support the war against Iran. After the first gulf war was over those relations did not break up at all. In 1991, the US military was “wondering” when fighting the gulf war one why the Iraqi soldiers had similar ammunition and arms. Thus you can say that the former Bush administration maintained and arranged business relations with the Iraq. This fact was well known to the other governmental facilities, but hence no one wanted to loose their position or get defaced no one dared to release the needed information to stop those relations.
But the Iraqi regime did not only receive military equipment.14
This is a widely known fact as well. I compiled a list with the help of different books that demonstrates how these dual-use technology deals worked.15
Last, but not least to mention the Carlyle Group, where Mr. James A. Baker, III, works (for more information see “3.3″). This multinational company earns over 5 billions Dollars a year and employs about 40.000 workers. Just to clarify what the Carlyle Group does I have attached several examples.16
This company is a global player and supplies numerous goods to the US military. At least 5 of their sub companies work on researching projects for the US military. Those include aero-technology (for fighter and transporter engines), missile technology (air to air and ground to air), fiber optic technology for use in military vehicles and combat wear, as well as software needed to operate those military devices. If there was a war going on, this company would have been among the number one firms to profit from it. Hence Bush Senior and other powerful men work for them, it is not too much of a surprise that the current Bush administration “play” an aggressive political style. Carlyle also works with the bin Laden Clan and the Saudi Royals. Together with the bin Laden Clan they built numerous huge and expensive buildings in Saudi Arabia.17
For example they were hired to rebuild the Khobar Towers in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, after the bombing on the 25th June 1996.18 This incident is very ironical due to the fact that US investigators blamed Osama bin Laden for this terrorist attack. (19 US soldiers died and 500 were wounded)19

3.3 His Personal connections:

George Bush’s father worked for the Carlyle Group after his presidency and had regular meetings with members of the Bin Laden Clan. It is a known fact, that the Bin Laden Clan had invested at least over two million dollars in Carlyle projects.20
Prince Bandar who is a member of the Saudi Royal Family and also the ambassador to the US is a close friend to the Bush family as well. Bush’s nickname for the Prince is “Bandar Bush”. (Robert Baer “Sleeping with the Devil” crown, 2003)
The prince and Mr. Bush are reported to be meeting on a regular basis to dine together, Bandar also took place in Barbara Bush’s 75th birthday celebrations.21
Ambassador Bandar even took George Bush Senior to England for a pheasants hunt. In conclusion you can say that their relation was very close.
Another common friend is James Baker, a lawyer working for both the Saudi Royal family and the Bush family, he is also employed at the Carlyle Group in Washington and served the Bush administration as Secretary of State just a decade ago. This man is another good example for the close personal and business ties.

Read on | Mr. Bush

The following article is part of a series called “German A-Levels/Abitur 2005 English”. In Germany you have your a-levels after the 13rd year in school. Pupils are usually between 17 and 18 years when they have their exams. In the compulsory schools you a broad variety of courses: From German, English, Spanish, French, Dutch, Greek to Science, Maths, Geographics, Physics, Literature, Arts and Sports etc. I prepared myself in 2005 for my a-levels by writing everything down. May these articles help anyone. Enjoy!

- Main ideas
utopia / dystopia = anti-utopia

- Our future, is it doomed?
* colourless
* dull
* grey

- Asia, a new market
- Africa, the forgotten continent

_FUNCTION+PURPOSE: warn of technology and its consequences

- far advanced technologies

- birth control
* artificial production of humans
* mass production
* controlled society
* faster reproduction

- DNA / gene manipulation
* standardized human beings
* fixed destiny / inescapable future

- one language
- limited resources
- fake wars

- drugs / drug use
* honest and contempt citizens
* emotions are suppressed by drugs

- totalitarian system
* propaganda is used to manipulate society.
* Dictatorship like government
* education and punishment in order to impose ideology on society
* total surveillance
* omnipotent controllers
* fixed system of values
* set ideals

- loss of individuality

- urge of perfection at expense of emotions
* no more love and romance
* sex only for fun
* monogamy

- communication world wide (internet?)
- information overload vs. controlled life
- nature vs. machines
- no wars
- no revolutions
- no changes
- no developments
- no history
= stuck in the present, no past and future
= only progress is stand-still
= history ceased to exist
= human values are destroyed
= nature has been replaced by an artificial environment

1984 & Brave New World – some common traits
- anti-utopian
- totalitarian system
- controlled society (by an elite)
- total surveillance
- uniformation of society
- new language
- castes
- theme: individuality vs. society

1984:
- war
- hate
- sadism, diabolism, brutality
- feasible/comparable with existing science and technology
- colourless, dull world
- political dystopia
- violence and punishment
- takes place in the past
- limited resources

Brave New World:
- pharmacological totalitarian system
- no more war
- friendly atmosphere
- no diseases
- no problems
- colourful
- technological dystopia
- no violence
- satisfaction
- takes place in the future
- enough resources
- harmony
- far advanced technology

Essay on society of the Brave New World, J.Klewes
Society of the BNW is not really a society at all. This is my introductional theses which I will be trying to explain.
Society as A. Huxley describes it, lacks most of the features that make up a society or what I consider a society. There is no real and intact family structure, words and abstract expressions such as “mother”, “father”, “parents”, “home”, “family” or “romance” do not really exist anymore.
Only a handful of people know those words and those who do know them from history only. A society is a dynamic and vivid concentration of different groups. Often it consists of many different religions, cultures, races and ethnic minorities. All those features are lacking in the BNW.
Society is stable due to the controlled system. The birth rate is controlled and altered whenever it is necessary, furthermore everyone’s fate is decided before he or she is decanted.
Decanted? Yes, that’s right; the leaders of the BNW abolished viviparous reproduction. Nowadays they rely on artificial creation of human beings.
Almost industrial-like humans are created in hatcheries.
Society is a human thing. People have the urge to come together, form groups and to interact which each other. Society in the BNW is totally different from that, humans in the BNW lack this human feature.
Actually it is a good question whether the people living in the BNW can be considered “human” at all, because they betray they body, block emotions and take drugs in order to feel happy. It is a very important human feature to have emotions and that is why I hope Huxley’s dystopian views of the BNW will never become reality!

Read on | Science-Fiction